U.S. decided on Friday to indefinitely retain control of the 13 root servers that control all Inter

U.S. decided on Friday to indefinitely retain control of the 13 root servers that control all Internet traffic to the right places. This decision drew concern from foreign officials who would rather see an international group such as ICANN monitor control of the servers.
David Gross, an American ambassador and coordinator for international communications and information

policies, U.S. State Department insists that the message was not related to UN discussions. He also said other countries should see the move as positive because "uncertainty is not something that we believe is in the United States' interest soulja boy book teenage millionaire or the world's interest."
This decision reverses a statement from the U.S. in 1998, when they said they would hand over power to ICANN after meeting a number of conditions laid down. A spokesman said that the statement was a response to growing security threats and global communication and the fact that trade becomes more dependent on the Internet.
"There have been strong opinions, which primarily soulja boy book teenage millionaire makes it possible for the United States alone to check this process is not right given the nature of the Internet today," said Masahiko Fujimoto of the Japanese Ministry of Internal Affairs and Communications, which also said that decision is likely

to alienate many in the international community. A worst-case scenario could see countries refusing to accept U.S. control of root servers, leading soulja boy book teenage millionaire to a separate set of networks.
This means that people write the same URL in different locations to see a completely different website in their browsers. soulja boy book teenage millionaire This announcement came several weeks before a UN panel releases a report on Internet governance, addressing issues, including control of root servers.
A: They are part of the Domain Name System (DNS), a worldwide distributed soulja boy book teenage millionaire database that is used to translate worldwide unique domain names such as www.isoc.org to other identifiers. The DNS is an important part of the Internet, because it is used by almost all Internet applications.
The root name servers publish the root zone to other DNS servers and clients soulja boy book teenage millionaire on the Internet. The root zone file describes where the authoritative servers for DNS top-level domains (TLDs) are located in other words: what server you have to ask for names ending in one of 267 (September 2007) TLDs such as ORG, NET, NL or AU. Read the detailed description of how DNS works and the role of the root name servers.
A: No, absolutely and positively not! The root zone file has just been published by root name server operators. The file is edited by IANA according to a method described in the IANA website. The root name server addresses operators publish the file received from IANA. See: www.iana.org / root-management.htm
A: No Internet traffic passes through the root name servers at all. They have nothing to do with routing, note the difference in spelling. Name servers only respond to inquiries from other parts of the DNS.
A: No, DNS is a distributed database. Storing all information in one place would be totally soulja boy book teenage millionaire impossible today. This is precisely why the DNS was developed as a distributed database. For a detailed description of how DNS works and the role of the root name servers.
A: No, the information is cached in DNS. Your computer will query a caching DNS server to resolve domain names. A well-behaved DNS server needs to query root name servers only once every 48 hours for each TLD. In the meantime, the resolve names to TLD without the involvement of root name servers. Because of this caching almost all DNS queries answered without the involvement of root name servers.
Information on most operators can be found through www.root-servers.org, or specifically via http://X.root-servers.org where X stands for one of the letters listed above.
A: Former each letter identified a particular server machine. Today each letter identifies a single IPv4 addresses, where the service is the responsibility of a single root name server operator. Since February 2008 six of the 13 letters also provide DNS root name service to an IPv6 address. Some operators still provide the service from one location with one or more physical machines. Other operators providing service from multiple locations using a method called "anycast". See below for an explanation.
A: Where in what sense? In geographical terms there is root name servers in more than 130 locations in 53 countries (ISO3166 definition soulja boy book teenage millionaire of country) worldwide (September 2007). Before you ask, most of them are outside the United States. The list of ISO3166 country codes of root server locations in September 2007, are: AE AR AU BD BE BG BR CA CH CN CZ DE EC EG ES FI FJ FR GR HK HU ID IE IL IN IS IT JP KE KR LT MX MY NL NO NZ PA PH PK PL PT RO RU SE QA SG TH TR TW UK U.S. VE ZA. There is a map showing the approximate po